The recycling of wastes
The recycling
process begins with each of us. Material that is no longer able to
be used for what it was originally intended, may be suitable for
recycling. Examples of such materials include automobiles, hot-water
heaters, washers, dryers, stoves, worn out bicycles,
aluminum cans, sheet metal and agricultural and industrial scrap. This
material is brought to a scrap processor. The processor separates it
according to type; and, with a variety of equipment, homogenizes and manufactures
the scrap into industry specific grades.
The material is recycled by group, or chemistry.
That is, like items are grouped together, processed, and marketed according to
industry specifications.
It is
estimated that around 60 percent of everything we throw away could be usefully
recycled, or composted, helping to ease pressure on landfill sites and raw
materials. Recycling can also bring other savings: for instance, making paper
from recycled materials instead of virgin pulp reduces energy costs by 35-50
percent and decreases water consumption and pollution. Before talking about the
benefits of recycling of wastes, let’s talk about the process of that.
Glass
The process of recycling glass depends on
what types do the glass is. If glass is co-mingled (all different types
together) it is taken to be used as aggregate. This type of glass can be used
in the laying of roads. If it is segregated at source (i.e.: into clear glass,
green glass, brown glass, etc) it is taken to a glass bottle re-processor.
Once at a glass re-processor, it is crushed.
This crushed glass is called cullet. The cullet passes along conveyor belts. It
goes through …
-A magnet - to remove any metal items
-A vacuum - to remove any lightweight items,
like paper
-A laser - which ejects any remaining items
that are not glass, like ceramics
Finally, it is ready to be melted and made
into new glass
Paper
If paper / cardboard is segregated at source
(ie: into newspaper, brown paper, plain paper,
cardboard, etc) it is taken to a baling plant where it is baled (bundled
together). If it's co-mingled (all different types together) it is sorted on a
conveyor before being baled. Once baled, it's taken to a paper
re-processor, normally a paper mill. Once at a paper mill, it is washed,
rinsed, rolled out (into paper or cardboard) and dried.
Now it's 'recycled' and ready for use.
Plastic
Plastic is taken to baling plant, where it is
sorted, crushed and baled (bundled together). These
bales of plastic are then transported to a plastic re-processor. Here it is
shredded, washed and extruded (melted). Once
extruded, plastic can be formed into new items. It can also be spun to make
clothes. Clothes made from recycled plastic carry an 'Eco-label'.
Aluminum
All aluminum products can be recycled after use. Scrap is
generally taken by road to the recycling plant where it is checked and sorted
to determine composition and value. If the scrap is of unknown quality the
aluminum will first be passed through some large magnets to remove any ferrous
metal. Depending upon the type of contamination present, some scrap must be
processed further, beverage cans for example must have their
lacquer removed prior to remelting.
The scrap aluminum is then
loaded into a furnace, which melts the aluminum completely. This molten metal
is then cast or processed - using the same techniques as primary
processing.
All aluminum which is recycled is described as either
"new scrap" or "old scrap".
The Advantages of recycling
These days people are uncertain what they can do to help save the
whales or the rain forest. But they can start increasing their friendship with
the environment by recycling the waste of their everyday lives. Most of our
household waste goes to the dump. Let's say you have a two-liter soda bottle,
should you recycle it or throw it away? If you recycle it, you could increase
the raw material to make new products (like pillow stuffing, carpeting, or
jacket insulation).
By recycling material in your daily lives, you will perpetuate the lifetime of
useful material without using up new resources. For example, aluminum cans are
about 25% cheaper to recycle than to make from new raw materials and require
only five percent of the energy. But still only one million tons of aluminum
cans are recovered while 1.7 million are discarded every day and end up in
landfills or as pollutants.
Steel is another good example. It is 100% recyclable and can be reprocessed for
use almost indefinitely. But, like aluminum, more steel is discarded than
recycled. Almost two million tons of steel is recovered while 10.4 million tons
are discarded. If we recycled all our steel and aluminum, we could save 11
million tons of metal.
If we recycled all our recyclable waste materials, think of what a difference
we could make in our lives, environment, and our natural resources.
In practice though, recycling can be troublesome and expensive. If a company
takes the time to think carefully and plan accordingly, then over time, the
process and efficiency of recycling will improve and the payback will be enormous.
Conclusion
As you
may have realized, recycling is a powerful way for renewing our supply of
natural resources, and will do much good of all mankind and our Mother Earth. Thus,
we should start to recycle the wastes in our daily life that we encounter
everyday and spread this message to the others. As time goes on, recycling will
certainly become a important role of rescuing the
earth and the further generations.