2.human exploitation of natural resourses has modified the environment. Give examples of renewable and non-renewable resources. What are the appropriate attitudes and practice in the wise use of our resources(eg. timber and fish)

Renewable resources are resource that can be regenerated fairly rapidly through natural processes such as timber, fresh water and fish.

Non-renewable resources are resources that are limited in availability. They are fixed in total quantity in the Earth’s crust and are not replenished by natural process in short time scales such as fossil fuel and mineral resources.

We can have a conversation of timber. First, we should have a good forest management to increase the rate of regeneration of timber and decrease the rate of destruction of forests. We use fibres in fast growing plants for the manufacture of paper, plant more fast-growing fuel wood trees and shrubs in countries that are still depending heavily on fuel wood for energy, reforest areas where timbering has operated or fire have occurred, create green belts for prevention of fire, control deforestation for agricultural purpose. The amount of forests can be increased through afforestation especially in the open or unproductive lands. Reduce the rate of consumption of timber such as burning fuel wood more efficiently in some developing countries, switching to the use of other energy sources in countries that are still depending heavily on fuel wood and recycling of used paper.

For the fish, fisherman should adopt the following concepts and practices:

1. By catch other than the target fish stocks and under-sized fishes should be returned to the sea alive and in a healthy condition. They should not be left to die and discarded. This will minimize irreversible damages and permanent distortions of the marine ecosystem.

2. The use of heavy bottom-trawl gears in fishing has to be eliminated. This can greatly reduces the damage of bottom habitats.

3. The precautionary concept should always be kept in mind, even when fish stocks are abundant. In order words, fisheries should not be established or expanded in ocean areas without a reliable estimation of the populations of target species.

Not only will fossil fuel give out harmful substances that will cause air pollution but also carbon dioxide which is the cause of green house effect. Therefore, saving the consumption of fossil fuel will help reducing air pollution beside the amount of the fuel. There are several domestic ways to save energy:

1. Close all the electric appliances when you are not using them.

2. Have a regular clean up and repair of the electric appliances in order to ensure they are working in maximum efficiency.

3. Not to use the washing machine until the clothes reach its capacity.

4. Fridge should not be placed under sunlight or near stove.

5. Use the electric appliances that have a energy label.